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Volta Tour
The Volta Tour was a tour by the singer Björk that focused on her album, ''Volta''. Overall, 48 songs were done on the tour focusing on many tracks from ''Debut'' through to ''Vespertine'', though mostly from ''Medúlla'' and ''Volta'', the former of which did not receive its own tour. The tour band consisted of drummer Chris Corsano, musician Mark Bell (who also accompanied Björk on the Homogenic tour), pianist Jónas Sen (who played celeste on the tracks Gratitude and Cetacea on the ''Drawing Restraint 9'' soundtrack), musician Damian Taylor and a 10 piece female Icelandic brass section. Many of the songs evolved considerably during the tour, including "Innocence" which was re-done so as to incorporate brass elements. Live performances of the track "Declare Independence" made heavy use of the ReacTable, an electro-acoustic music instrument with a tabletop Tangible User Interface, which is played by Damian Taylor. The Tenori-on was used heavily in performances of "Who Is It". A live DVD and CD of the Volta tour was released as part of ''Voltaïc''. The tour was Björk's first in four years and saw her play countries that she had not played in over ten years.
== Background ==
After some rumours started circulating during 2006, in January 2007, through Björk's official website, it was announced that a new album, the follow-up to her 2004 record ''Medúlla'' was being ultimated.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20090826230249/http://bjork.com/news/?id=602;year=2007 )〕 Collaborators on the latest output included Timbaland, with whom Björk had collaborated on three songs, Antony and the Johnsons lead singer Antony Hegarty, drummers Chris Corsano and Brian Chippendale, African musicians Toumani Diabaté and Konono N°1, Chinese pipa player Min Xiaofen, Mark Bell, who had collaborated with Björk on ''Homogenic'' and played with her during the Homogenic Tour and Icelandic poet and long-time collaborator Sjón, who had penned a song for the album.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101032157/http://bjork.com/news/?id=608;year=2007#news )〕 Along with the album, a new tour was confirmed to take place in the following months. On January 22, 2007, the first show was confirmed to take place at Coachella Festival, which she already headlined in 2002.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101032146/http://bjork.com/news/?id=603;year=2007#news )〕 Three days later, Björk's performance at Glastonbury Festival was announced. However, it was specified by Glastonbury chief Michael Eavis that she would not be headlining. Between January and February, performances at Roskilde Festival,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101034152/http://bjork.com/news/?id=606;year=2007#news )〕 Open'er Festival,〔 Paléo Festival, Rock Werchter and Sasquatch! Music Festival were confirmed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101033410/http://bjork.com/news/?id=607;year=2007#news )〕 The first North American leg was announced on March 19, with shows at Radio City Music Hall, Red Rocks Amphitheatre and Shoreline Amphitheatre.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101033528/http://bjork.com/news/?id=615;year=2007#news )〕
Before the start of the tour, Björk performed three songs at a benefit concert at Club NASA in Reykjavík on April 1 for (FORMA ), an Icelandic organisation which deals with people who have eating disorders. Tour rehearsals began shortly before this performance in Iceland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101032326/http://bjork.com/news/?id=617;year=2007#news )〕 The tour band consisted of Bell on beats, Corsano on drums, Canadian producer Damian Taylor on electronics, Icelandic-Chinese classical pianist Jónas Sen (who played celeste on the tracks "Gratitude" and "Cetacea" on ''Drawing Restraint 9'') on keyboards and a 10-piece, all-female brass band from Reykjavík called the Wonderbrass.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101034632/http://bjork.com/news/?id=624;year=2007#news )〕 The Tour started on April 9, 2007, with a concert at Laugardalshöll in Reykjavík.〔
Further dates were announced in the Netherlands, Spain, France, Italy,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.freakoutmagazine.it/02-05-2007/news/41827/e-a-udine-lunica-data-italiana-del-tour-di-bjork/ )〕 Ireland and Scotland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101035013/http://bjork.com/news/?id=625;year=2007#news )〕 The second North American leg, which was announced in July, featured a performance at Madison Square Garden, while the South American dates were confirmed in October.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101033313/http://bjork.com/news/?id=653;year=2007#news )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101033955/http://bjork.com/news/?id=711;year=2007#news )〕 It was since 1997 (during the Homogenic Tour) that Björk didn't perform in South America. During October, 2007, the first dates for 2008 were confirmed, with Björk playing seven shows in Australia and New Zealand for the Big Day Out and Sydney Festival.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101034925/http://bjork.com/news/?id=705;year=2007#news )〕 It was the first time since 1996 that Björk had played in Oceania.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.bjork.fr/+Tournee-2008-Australie-Nouvelle+ )〕 Björk had to cancel an appearance in Sydney due to problems with vocal chords.〔 Further dates were announced in Japan, China, Hong Kong, South Korea, Indonesia and United Kingdom.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100101034349/http://bjork.com/news/?id=727;year=2007#news )〕 A show in Sheffield was rescheduled due to health issues.〔 Later appearances included shows at Melt! Festival,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918091602/http://bjork.com/news/?id=776;year=2008#news )〕 Festival Sudoeste,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918084543/http://bjork.com/news/?id=771;year=2008#news )〕 Riga, Ola Festival in Spain,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918093831/http://bjork.com/news/?id=787;year=2008#news )〕 Helsinki, Vilnius,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918093116/http://bjork.com/news/?id=816;year=2008#news )〕 Paris, Verona,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918091553/http://bjork.com/news/?id=833;year=2008#news )〕 Rome, Athens〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.thisisathens.org/node/5000192 )〕 and Istanbul. It was rumoured that the singer would perform in Israel for the first time since 1996 (during the Post Tour), but no such event happened. Moreover, Björk had to cancel appearances in Helsinki and Sheffield because of problems with her throat and vocal chords.〔〔 An appearance at Wild in the Country, which was promoted as an exclusive UK festival appearance,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918092242/http://bjork.com/news/?id=824;year=2008#news )〕 was cancelled after Björk had called the event "volatile" and cited problems with staging and lighting.〔〔 The whole event was cancelled thereafter.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.starpulse.com/news/index.php/2008/07/05/today_s_wild_in_the_country_festival_was )〕 On June 18, 2008, it was announced that Björk and Sigur Rós would join and organise a free concert called "Náttúra" in Reykjavík along with Icelandic author Andri Snær Magnason, to raise awareness about the impact of Aluminium smelting activity on Iceland's landscape.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://web.archive.org/web/20100918092413/http://bjork.com/news/?id=837;year=2008#news )〕 After the end of the tour, an acoustic showcase took place at Langholtskirkja in Reykjavík, in which different songs from the tour were performed alongside new arrangements of old songs, including "It's Oh So Quiet".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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